Prostate (in men)

Late adolescent acne is associated with a significantly increased risk of prostate cancer, particularly for advanced stage disease: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijc.31192 Men with late PEP, characterized by age at maximum height attainment at around 23 years and no history of acne, was inversely associated with incident (odds ratio [OR]: 0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15-0.48, p trend <0.01) and high-grade prostate cancer (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.09-0.59, p trend <0.01). Hernández-Pérez, J. G., López, D. S., Rodríguez-Valentín, R., Vázquez-Salas, R. A., Sierra-Santoyo, A., & Torres-Sánchez, L. (2023). Late puberty onset and lack of acne during adolescence reduce high-grade prostate cancer at adulthood. The Prostate, 83(14), 1342–1350. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.24596 Students who reported a history of acne had a lower risk of all-cause (hazard ratio = 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76, 1.04) and coronary heart disease (hazard ratio = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.94) mortality but had some evidence of a higher risk of prostate cancer mortality (hazard ratio = 1.67, 95% CI: 0.79, 3.55) Galobardes, B., Davey Smith, G., Jeffreys, M., Kinra, S., & McCarron, P. (2005). Acne in adolescence and cause-specific mortality: lower coronary heart disease but higher prostate cancer mortality: the Glasgow Alumni Cohort Study. American journal of epidemiology, 161(12), 1094–1101. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwi147 Ugge, H., Udumyan, R., Carlsson, J., Andrén, O., Montgomery, S., Davidsson, S., & Fall, K. (2018). Acne in late adolescence and risk of prostate cancer. International journal of cancer, 142(8), 1580–1585. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31192 The prostate connection with P Acnes: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1438422110000962?via%3Dihub (edited)

Epidemiology

Strength of association of risk factors with acne presentation. https://hastebin.com/share/ujulequxel.rust Strength of association of risk factors with acne severity (moderate/severe acne). https://hastebin.com/share/tocipageko.rust Source: Heng, A. H. S., & Chew, F. T. (2020). Systematic review of the epidemiology of acne vulgaris. Scientific reports, 10(1), 5754. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62715-3 711952ed-6789-4caa-99cd-26563425c635 More epidemiology which didn't seem to be in the review above: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10358392/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10906343/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10935853/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10372560/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9472088/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26648163/ https://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476(18)31208-3/abstract https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35807855/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11251184/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11056197/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37365892/ https://discord.com/channels/1169738819688468501/1268879394202718269 https://discord.com/channels/1169738819688468501/1268880302147895360 More meta analysis: Wang, Y., Zhu, M., Wu, S., & Zheng, H. (2022). Acne Comorbidities. Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 15, 2415–2420. https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S392165 (edited)

Diet and acne meta analysis

Ryguła, I., Pikiewicz, W., & Kaminiów, K. (2024). Impact of Diet and Nutrition in Patients with Acne Vulgaris. Nutrients, 16(10), 1476. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16101476 Meixiong, J., Ricco, C., Vasavda, C., & Ho, B. K. (2022). Diet and acne: A systematic review. JAAD international, 7, 95–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdin.2022.02.012 Dai, R., Hua, W., Chen, W., Xiong, L., & Li, L. (2018). The effect of milk consumption on acne: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 32(12), 2244–2253. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.15204 Juhl, C. R., Bergholdt, H. K. M., Miller, I. M., Jemec, G. B. E., Kanters, J. K., & Ellervik, C. (2018). Dairy Intake and Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 78,529 Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults. Nutrients, 10(8), 1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10081049 Wang, Y., Zhu, M., Wu, S., & Zheng, H. (2022). Acne Comorbidities. Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 15, 2415–2420. https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S392165 Podgórska, A., Puścion-Jakubik, A., Markiewicz-Żukowska, R., Gromkowska-Kępka, K. J., & Socha, K. (2021). Acne Vulgaris and Intake of Selected Dietary Nutrients-A Summary of Information. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 9(6), 668. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060668 (edited)

Skin cancer

"After thoroughly adjusting for the previously known risk factors for each cancer, we found that among women with a history of severe teenage acne, the relative risk increased, with a multivariable-adjusted HR of 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-2.01) for melanoma. We replicated this association in an independent melanoma case-control study of 930 cases and 1026 controls (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.03-1.56). We also found that in both studies the individuals with teenage acne were more likely to have moles (52.7% vs 50.1%, P < .001 in the cohort study; and 55.2% vs 45.1%, P = .004 in the case-control study)." Zhang, M., Qureshi, A. A., Fortner, R. T., Hankinson, S. E., Wei, Q., Wang, L. E., Eliassen, A. H., Willett, W. C., Hunter, D. J., & Han, J. (2015). Teenage acne and cancer risk in US women: A prospective cohort study. Cancer, 121(10), 1681–1687. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.29216 (edited)

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Hormones

"LH fell more slowly with age in the men with acne as compared to the controls. In our heterogeneous group of patients with acne vulgaris the findings suggest that a sub-group of men with acne have raised serum LH levels. " Farrell, A., Alaghband-Zadeh, J., Carter, G., Newson, R. B., & Cream, J. J. (1999). Do some men with acne vulgaris have raised levels of LH?. Clinical endocrinology, 50(3), 393–397. (edited)